Kubona akazi, ikibazo gikomeye ku rubyiruko rw’u Rwanda

Mu gihe u Rwanda rwiyemeje kwihutisha iterambere rishingiye ku baturage , uruhare rw’urubyiruko rudafite akazi cyangwa amahugurwa rurushaho kugaragara nk’igice gikomeye gikwiye gushyirwamo imbaraga, hagamijwe kurufasha kuba umusingi w’ahazaza h’igihugu.

Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Urubyiruko n’Iterambere ry’Ubuhanzi (MYCULTURE) iheruka gushyirwa ahagaragara igaragaza ko urubyiruko rugera kuri 1,045,248 mu Rwanda, ruhwanye na 28.4%, rutari mu ishuri, rudafite akazi kandi rutari no mu mahugurwa.

Ni imibare ifatwa nk’iyerekana ikibazo gikomeye cyugarije iterambere rirambye ry’igihugu, aho bamwe mu  gice kinini cy’abagomba kugiteza imbere babuze aho bashinga ikirenge.

Ituze Fred, w’imyaka 23, ni umwe mu rubyiruko rwabayeho igihe kinini nta cyerekezo. Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye mu mwaka wa 2022, yamaze amezi atandatu atazi aho azerekeza. Ati “Nari nabuze uko niga kaminuza, nta kazi nari mfite. Nahoraga ntekereza byinshi, ariko nta gisubizo.”

Nyuma y’igihe gito, yaje kubona amahugurwa yateguwe n’Ikigo “Question Coffee” gikorana na “Rwanda Youth Program” ku bufatanye na NAEB, ahiga gutegura ikawa mu buryo bwa kinyamwuga. Ubu atanga ubuhamya agira ati “Ubu nkorera mu bubiko bwa “Question Coffee”, mpura n’abakerarugendo baturuka imihanda yose. Mbayeho neza, mfasha na barumuna banjye kwiga.”

Irasoza Grace, wacikirije amashuri mu mwaka wa gatatu w’amashuri yisumbuye, avuga ko yagiye mu mujyi gushaka uko yabaho. Yaje kubona amahugurwa mu bukorikori bw’ubukanishi yaherewe ku igaraji y’ishyirahamwe rya Ajprodho-JIJUKIRWA i Nyamirambo, nyuma ahita atangira akazi k’ubukanishi akorana n’abandi bana batandatu. Ati “Nta bushobozi nari mfite, ariko ndavuga nti  ‘n’ubwo ntize cyane, hari ibyo nshoboye.’ Ubu mfite icyerekezo.”

Nubwo hari abagize amahirwe nk’abo, hari abandi batigeze bagira amahirwe yo kwiga cyangwa kubona akazi. Abenshi bavuga ko bahura n’imbogamizi zirimo ubukene, ibibazo by’amakimbirane mu miryango ndetse n’ubujiji ku ruhande rw’ababyeyi.

Cyimana Pasikali, umusore w’imyaka 24 wo mu murenge wa Cyeza mu karere ka Muhanga  ni umwe muri abo. Abisobanura agira ati “ Hari urubyiruko rutashoboye kwiga amashuri ngo ruminuze cyangwa  rutanashoboye no kwiga kubera ibibazo byo mu miryango. Abahuye n’ibyo bibazo rwose tubona nta ejo hazaza heza dufite, kandi nk’aho ntuye mbona tugenda tuba benshi.”

Minisitiri w’Urubyiruko n’Iterambere ry’Ubuhanzi, Dr. Utumatwishima Abdallah, avuga ko hakenewe kongerwa imbaraga mu kongerera urubyiruko ubushobozi kugira ngo rurusheho kugira uruhare mu ntego z’igihugu z’icyerekezo 2035 na 2050.

Ati “Dukeneye gufasha urubyiruko guhabwa ubumenyi ngiro, guhanga udushya no gukorana n’abikorera kugira ngo urubyiruko rubone aho rwerekeza.”

Kugeza ubu, 14.9% by’Abanyarwanda bose ntibafite akazi. Imibare ya Banki y’Isi yo muri 2023 yagaragaje ko mu rubyiruko, 18% nta mirimo bari bafite, benshi muri bo bakaba bari abakobwa. Ibi bikaba bishimangira ko ikibazo ari kinini kandi gikwiye gutekerezwaho nk’isoko y’impinduka aho kuba ishingiro ry’ihungabana.

Muri gahunda ya NST1 (National Strategy for Transformation 2017–2024: Gahunda yo Kwihutisha Impinduka mu Iterambere ry’Igihugu), leta y’u Rwanda yari yihaye intego yo guhanga imirimo mishya 1 500 000 (miliyoni imwe na maganatanu) . Nyamara raporo yo hagati mu mwaka wa 2023-2024 yagaragaje ko hari hamaze guhangwa imirimo miliyoni 1,3 ni ukuvuga 80 ku ijana (80%) by’imirimo yose yari iteganyijwe.

Muri gahunda ya NST2 (National Strategy for Transformation, 2024-2029), leta ikomeje gushishikazwa no guhanga imirimo mishya buri mwaka, ikanashyira imbaraga mu kubaka ubushobozi bw’abikorera, amasoko n’inkunga mu gukora ibikorwa bitanga akazi, by’umwihariko mu rubyiruko no mu bumenyi ngiro.

Telesphore KABERUKA