Tariki ya 4 Nyakanga : Uko RANU yabaye  RPF yanditse amateka mashya y’u Rwanda

Tariki ya 4 Nyakanga ni umunsi ufite icyo usobanuye mu mateka y’u Rwanda, aho Abanyarwanda bizihiza Umunsi wo Kwibohora. Ni umunsi wibutsa urugendo rutoroshye rwo kubona ubwigenge nyabwo, rugakomoka ku muryango Rwanda Alliance for National Unity (RANU), mu Kinyarwanda bivuga Impuzamuryango y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda. RANU yashinzwe mu mwaka wa 1979 n’Abanyarwanda bari mu buhungiro hirya no hino ku isi, bagamije gushakira igihugu cyabo amahoro, ubumwe n’iterambere.

Mu mwaka wa 1987, RANU yahindutse Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF-Inkotanyi), umuryango waje kuyobora urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu no guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 binyuze mu mutwe wawo wa gisirikare Rwandese Patriotic Army (RPA). Iyi nkuru iragaruka ku ishingwa rya FPR-Inkotanyi, intego zayo z’ibanze, ndetse n’uruhare yagize mu rugendo rwo kubohora u Rwanda.Ni amakuru umuntu asobanukirwa neza iyo asuye Umulindi w’Intwali.

Gukomera kwa RANU n’ivuka rya FPR Inkotanyi

Mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1987, kuva tariki ya 25 kugeza ku ya 28 Ukuboza, habaye Inteko Rusange idasanzwe ya RANU (Congress), yari ihuje Abanyarwanda baturutse impande zitandukanye z’Isi. Muri iyo nama yaberaga i Kampala muri Uganda, hahuriyemo Abanyarwanda baturutse muri Kenya, Tanzaniya, Zayire (ubu ni Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo), u Burayi, u Rwanda, n’ahandi. Ni inama yateye intambwe ikomeye mu mateka y’igihugu.

Hon. Mutimura Zeno wari Perezida wa RANU icyo gihe na Hon. Musoni Protais wari Umunyamabanga Mukuru, bifatanyije na Muzehe Tito wari Umuyobozi w’Ikirenga (Chairman), bagaragaje ko RANU igomba kuvugururwa kugira ngo ihure n’ibyifuzo n’imbogamizi byari bihari. Ibyemezo byafatiwe muri iyo nama byari ku rwego rwo guhindura amateka y’u Rwanda.

Muri iyo nama, hatanzwe inyandiko zirimo gahunda ya politiki (Political Program), amabwiriza y’imikorere (Operations Guideline), indangagaciro z’ubuyobozi (Code of Conduct) n’indi yitwaga Option Z. Nyuma y’impaka ndende, izi nyandiko zose zemejwe n’abari bitabiriye inama.

Muzehe Tito, mu gutanga icyerekezo gishya, yavuze ko izina RANU rikwiye gusimbuzwa, hagashingwa umuryango mushya w’Abanyarwanda wubakiye ku ntego z’ubumwe, impinduka no kwigira. Yagize ati”Twifuzaga umuryango ukora cyane, utanga umurongo usobanutse wa politiki, kandi ushobora guhangana n’imbogamizi zose zashoboraga gukoma mu nkokora urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda.”

Ni bwo hatangajwe ko umuryango mushya uzitwa Rwandese Patriotic Front (RPF-Inkotanyi) ku rwego mpuzamahanga, naho mu Kinyarwanda wakwitwa INKOTANYI, izina rifite inkomoko mu muco nyarwanda w’icyubahiro n’ubutwari. Izina “Inkotanyi” ryatanzwe n’umusaza Kanyarushoki (alias Muramutsa), wakoreshejwe mu igeragezwa ry’amasomo y’ubucurabwenge (philosophy), asobanura ko “Inkotanyi ari umuntu udacika intege, uharanira ibye kugeza abigezeho.”

FPR-Inkotanyi, umuryango uharanira ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda

Nyuma yo kwemeza izina n’inyandiko ngenderwaho, hatowe ubuyobozi bushya bw’uyu muryango. Muzehe Tito yagaragaje ko FPR-Inkotanyi ari umuryango w’Abanyarwanda bose, nta vangura, kandi udashyiraho imipaka ishingiye ku mateka y’ubuhunzi cyangwa indi myemerere.

Yagize ati“Inkotanyi ni umuryango wakira buri Munyarwanda, uwo ari we wese. Uharanira kwigisha, gukangurira abantu kwiyumva mu gihugu cyabo no kubaha imyumvire ishingiye kuri politiki y’ubumwe, amahoro n’ubutabera.”

Iyo nama yabereye mu gace ka Mbuya muri Kampala, ni yo yaje kuvamo ishingwa ry’umuryango waje guhindura amateka y’u Rwanda. Musoni Protais yemeza ko iyo nama yamubereye isoko y’ubumenyi n’ubwitange, kuko yagaragaje icyerekezo n’imbaraga zari zikenewe mu rugamba rwari rugiye gutangira.

Amateka y’urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu

Abagize Umuryango RPF-Inkotanyi basabye uwari Perezida w’u Rwanda, Habyarimana Yuvenali kubareka bagataha mu rwababyaye. Ibyo ntiyabikozwaga, ndetse ababwira ko u Rwanda rwuzuye, nta mwanya bahabona.

Icyo gihe babonye ko nta yindi nzira ishoboka usibye iy’urugamba. Byabaye ngombwa ko RPF-Inkotanyi ishyiraho igisirikare ariko mu ibanga, kuko ntibari kugira igisirikare mu gihugu cy’abandi cyane ko abenshi bari bakiri mu gisirikare cya Uganda.

Tariki ya 01 Ukwakira 1990, ni bwo batangije urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda. Ni mu gihe Uganda yo yari irimo yitegura kwizihiza umunsi wayo w’ubwigenge.

Nyakwigendera (Late)Fred Rwigema (iburyo) wari usanzwe ari umugaba w’ingabo za Uganda, byabaye ngombwa ko afata iya mbere mu gutangiza urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu. Ni uko igisirikare cya RPA cyatangiye urugamba rwaje no guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Urugamba rugitangira, tariki ya 02 Ukwakira 1990, RPA yahuye n’akaga, ubwo isasu ryafataga Late Fred Rwigema, ahita yitaba Imana kuri uwo munsi wa kabiri w’urugamba. Muri icyo gihe kandi abandi basirikare bakuru ba RPA barimo Late Bayingana na Late Bunyenyezi, na bo bahatakarije ubuzima.

Ibyo byaciye intege abasirikare b’Inkotanyi, kugeza ubwo bihagurukije Afande Paul Kagame wari ufite ipeti rya Major, afata umwanzuro wo kuva muri Amerika aho yigaga, aza gukomeza kuyobora urugamba, Inkotanyi ntizasubira inyuma.

Ni mu gihe ku ruhande rwa Habyarimana bo bari bishimiye urupfu rwa Late Fred Rwigema na bagenzi be, ndetse ategeka abaturage kujya mu mihanda itandukanye mu gihugu, bikoreye imitumba n’amasanduku ngo barashyingura umugaba w’urugamba rw’Inkotanyi.

Ibyo byishimo ntibyamaze kabiri kuko urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu rwarakomeje ndetse Inkotanyi zitangira uburyo bushya bwo kurwana, bifashishije ibitero nshuma, bya hato na hato ndetse no kwiga amayeri y’uwo bari bahanganye, bakamurasaho bamutunguye.

Muri icyo gihe Ingabo za Habyarimana, FAR, (Forces Armées Rwandaises) zari zifite ubufasha butandukanye bw’amahanga, ndetse bari bafite intwaro zikomeye n’ibibatunga ku rugamba bihagije.

Urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu rwarakomeje, maze tariki ya 23 Mutarama, 1991, Inkotanyi zibohora imfungwa zari zifungiye muri gereza ya Ruhengeri. Mu bafunguwe, havuyemo umubare munini w’abahise biyunga ku ngabo za RPF-Inkotanyi, barimo Majoro Lizinde, na Komanda Biseruka n’abandi bari basanzwe mu ngabo za Habyarimana ndetse n’abandi bafungwa bari bafungiye bamwe impamvu za politiki, abandi ibyaha bitandukanye.  

Umulindi w’Intwali, ufite amateka yihariye mu rugamba rwo kubohora igihugu

Ku Mulindi wa Byumba hari uruganda rw’icyayi rwari mu nganda zikomeye mu Rwanda. Muri Kamena, 1992, ni bwo FPR-Inkotanyi yashyize icyicaro cyayo gikuru aha ku Mulindi haje kwitwa Umulindi w’Intwali, ubu ni mu Karere ka Gicumbi, Amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda.

Aha Ku Mulindi w’Intwali ni ho hategurirwaga ibikorwa byose by’ingamba, igenamigambi n’imiyoborere y’urugamba rwari rwaratangiye mu 1990 rukaza kurangizwa no no guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Umulindi ntiwari gusa icyicaro cy’ingabo; wari igicumbi cy’ubwenge, ubwitange n’impinduramatwara. Ni ho hatangirwaga inyigisho ku bayobozi ba politiki n’aba gisirikare, ni ho hakorerwaga igenamigambi ryose rijyanye n’intambara ndetse no gutegura imiyoborere y’igihugu nyuma y’urugamba.

Ubu, Ingoro Ndangamateka y’Umulindi w’Intwali ni urwibutso rw’ingenzi ku mateka y’u Rwanda, aho abantu basura bakongera kumva no gusobanukirwa inzira itoroshye yagejeje u Rwanda aho rugeze uyu munsi.

Icyumba Perezida Kagame yakoreragamo cyubatse uko cyari kiri icyo gihe, hakaba hateganyijwe gushyirwamo n’ibikoresho bya gisirikare n’inyandiko z’amateka zigaragaza uko urugamba rwagenze, ndetse n’ishusho y’imibereho y’Inkotanyi mu gihe cy’urugamba. Aha ku Mulindi w’Intwali ni na ho havukiye ikipe y’umupira w’amaguru  ya APR FC.

FPR-Inkotanyi n’irage ryayo mu Rwanda rw’ejo hazaza

Nyuma y’imyaka 37 Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi ushinzwe, ibikorwa byawo bikomeje kugaragaza uburemere n’agaciro kawo mu mateka y’u Rwanda. Mu myaka ine gusa nyuma yo gushingwa, FPR-Inkotanyi yatangije urugamba rwo kubohora igihugu, irutsinda kandi ihagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Icyo gihe, hatangiye urugamba rushya rwo kubaka igihugu, ruzamura ubukungu, amahoro, ubumwe n’imiyoborere ishingiye ku Banyarwanda.

Perezida wa Repubulika, Paul Kagame, akaba na Chairman wa FPR-Inkotanyi, ahora yibutsa Abanyarwanda ko kurinda ibyo igihugu cyagezeho bisaba ubwitange, ubunyangamugayo n’imiyoborere ibereye abaturage.

Tumwesigire Hillary Peace